Clinical case A 21-year-old women presented with an haemoglobin level of 94 g/L, white blood cell count of 35 x 109/L, and a platelet count of 130.0 x 109/L. Peripheral blood blasts percentage was of 86%. Blasts cells were of medium size, with scanty basophilic cytoplasm without granulation and some nucleus were cup-like type. All blasts were myeloperoxidase positive and they have a myeloid immunophenotype. Karytopype by conventional techniques was normal but by RT-PCR quantitative technique mutated NPM1 was detected. Mutated NPM1/ABL (control gen) ratio x 100 was 6; Categories (WHO, 2008): Among Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and related precursor neoplasms these case must be classified as AML with recurrent genetic abnormalities: Acute leukemia with mutated NPM1 (this is still considered as a provisional entity)28.48.